Beranda  ›  How to Open Software Package So You Can Seal It Again

How to Open Software Package So You Can Seal It Again

Ditulis Jumat, 25 Maret 2022 Tulis Komentar Edit

Relationship betwixt the technology company and the open source software paradigm

Microsoft, a engineering visitor historically known for its opposition to the open up source software paradigm, turned to cover the approach in the 2010s. From the 1970s through 2000s nether CEOs Neb Gates and Steve Ballmer, Microsoft viewed the community creation and sharing of communal code, later to exist known every bit free and open up source software, as a threat to its business, and both executives spoke negatively confronting it. In the 2010s, as the manufacture turned towards deject, embedded, and mobile calculating—technologies powered by open source advances—CEO Satya Nadella led Microsoft towards open source adoption although Microsoft's traditional Windows business continued to abound throughout this menses generating revenues of 26.8 billion in the third quarter of 2018, while Microsoft'south Azure deject revenues nearly doubled.[1]

Microsoft open up sourced some of its code, including the .NET Framework, and made investments in Linux development, server engineering, and organizations, including the Linux Foundation and Open Source Initiative. Linux-based operating systems power the company's Azure cloud services. Microsoft acquired GitHub, the largest host for open source project infrastructure, in 2018. Microsoft is among the site'south about active contributors. This acquisition led a few projects to drift abroad from GitHub.[2] This proved a brusque lived phenomenon because by 2022 at that place were over 10 million new users of GitHub.[ commendation needed ]

Since 2017, Microsoft is one of the biggest open source contributors in the world,[3] measured by the number of employees actively contributing to open source projects on GitHub, the largest host of source code in the globe.[4] [5]

History [edit]

Initial stance on open source [edit]

Altair 8K Bones on newspaper tape. In 1976, Microsoft co-founder Beak Gates expressed frustration with well-nigh computer hobbyists who were using his visitor's software without having paid for it.

The paradigm of freely sharing figurer source code—a practice known every bit open up source—traces back to the primeval commercial computers, whose user groups shared code to reduce duplicate work and costs.[6] Post-obit an antitrust suit that forced the unbundling of IBM'southward hardware and software, a proprietary software industry grew throughout the 1970s, in which companies sought to protect their software products. The technology visitor Microsoft was founded in this period and has long been an embodiment of the proprietary paradigm and its tension with open source practices, well before the terms "free software" or "open up source" were coined. Within a yr of founding Microsoft, Bill Gates wrote an open up letter that positioned the hobbyist act of copying software equally a form of theft.[7]

Microsoft successfully expanded in personal calculator and enterprise server markets through the 1990s, partially on the force of the company'due south marketing strategies.[viii] By the late 1990s, Microsoft came to view the growing open source motion equally a threat to their revenue and platform. Internal strategy memos from this period, known as the Halloween documents, describe the company's potential approaches to stopping open source momentum. One strategy was "embrace-extend-extinguish", in which Microsoft would prefer standard technology, add together proprietary extensions, and upon establishing a customer base, would lock consumers into the proprietary extension to affirm a monopoly of the space. The memos besides best-selling open up source as a methodology capable of meeting or exceeding proprietary development methodology. Microsoft downplayed these memos every bit the opinions of an individual employee and not Microsoft'southward official position.[9]

While many major companies worked with open source software in the 2000s,[10] the decade was besides marked past a "perennial war" between Microsoft and open source in which Microsoft continued to view open source every bit a scourge on its business organization[11] and developed a reputation equally the archenemy of the complimentary and open source motion.[12] Bill Gates and Microsoft CEO Steve Ballmer suggested free software developers and the Linux kernel were communist.[13] [xiv] [15] Ballmer also likened Linux to a kind of cancer on intellectual property. Microsoft sued Lindows, a Linux operating system that could run Microsoft Windows applications, every bit a trademark violation. The courtroom rejected the claim and after Microsoft purchased its trademark, the software inverse its name to Linspire.[eleven]

In 2002, Microsoft began experimenting with 'shared source', including the Shared Source Common Language Infrastructure, the core of .NET Framework.[16]

Adoption [edit]

2000s [edit]

In April 2004, Windows Installer XML (WiX) was the commencement Microsoft projection to be released under an open up-source license,[17] the Common Public License.[eighteen] Initially hosted on SourceForge,[19] it was also the first Microsoft projection to be hosted externally.

In June 2004, for the get-go fourth dimension Microsoft was represented with a booth at LinuxTag, a free software exposition, held annually in Germany.[20] LinuxTag claims to exist Europe'southward largest exhibition for open source software.

In Baronial 2004, Microsoft made the complete source code of the Windows Template Library (WTL) available under the Mutual Public License and released it through SourceForge. Since version 9.ane, the library is licensed under the Microsoft Public License.[21]

In September 2004, Microsoft released its FlexWiki, making its source code available on SourceForge.[22] The engine is open source, also licensed under the Common Public License. FlexWiki was the third Microsoft project to be distributed via SourceForge, subsequently WiX and Windows Template Library.

In 2005, Microsoft released the F# programming language nether the Apache License two.0.[16]

In 2006, Microsoft launched its CodePlex open up source code hosting site, to provide hosting for open-source developers targeting Microsoft platforms. In the same year, Microsoft ported PHP to Windows under PHP License[16] and too partnered with and commissioned Vertigo Software to create Family.Show, a costless and open-source genealogy program, as a reference application for Microsoft'due south latest UI technology and software deployment mechanism at the time, Windows Presentation Foundation and ClickOnce.[23] [24] [25] The source code has been published on CodePlex and is licensed nether the Microsoft Public License.

In November 2006, Microsoft and Novell announced a wide partnership to brand sure Windows interoperates with SUSE Linux. The initial agreement endured until 2012 and included promises not to sue over patents too as joint development, marketing and back up of Windows – Linux interoperability solutions. In addition, Microsoft and Novell agreed to work to ensure documents created in the free OpenOffice.org productivity suite can seamlessly piece of work in Part 2007, and vice versa. Both companies also agreed to develop on translators to improve interoperability betwixt Role Open XML and OpenDocument formats. The visitor too purchased 70,000 one-year SUSE Linux Enterprise Server maintenance and update subscription coupons from Novell. Microsoft could distribute the coupons to customers as a mode to convince them to cull Novell'south Linux rather than a competitor's Linux distribution.[26]

Microsoft CEO Steve Ballmer acknowledged that more than customers are running mixed systems and said virtually the partnership with Novell:

While we're going to compete, we're going to collaborate in the right way.

In June 2007, Tom Hanrahan, one-time Managing director of Engineering science at the Linux Foundation, became Microsoft's Manager of Linux Interoperability.[28] [29] The Open Source Initiative canonical the Microsoft Public License (MS-PL) and Microsoft Reciprocal License (MS-RL) in 2007.[xvi] Microsoft open sourced IronRuby, IronPython, and xUnit.net nether MS-PL in 2007.[16]

In 2008, Microsoft joined the Apache Software Foundation[thirty] and co-founded the Open Web Foundation with Google, Facebook, Sun, IBM, Apache, and others.[16] As well in 2008, Microsoft began distributing the open source jQuery JavaScript library together with the Visual Studio development environment for employ inside the ASP.NET AJAX and ASP.NET MVC frameworks.[31] [32]

When Microsoft released Hyper-V in 2008, SUSE Linux Enterprise Server became the first not-Windows operating system officially supported on Hyper-V. Microsoft and Novell signed an agreement to work on interoperability two years earlier.[33]

Microsoft offset began contributing to the Linux kernel in 2009.[xvi] The CodePlex Foundation, an independent 501(c)(6) non-profit corporation founded past Microsoft and led mostly past Microsoft employees and affiliates, was founded in September 2009. Its goal was to "enable the exchange of code and understanding among software companies and open source communities."[34] [35] Afterward in September 2010, the proper noun Outercurve Foundation was adopted.[36]

In November 2009, Microsoft released the source code of the .Net Micro Framework to the evolution community as free and open-source software under the Apache License 2.0.[37]

Tom Hanrahan, Director of Microsoft'southward Open Source Engineering Centre, speaking at Solutions Linux 2010 in Paris

StyleCop, an originally proprietary static code assay tool past Microsoft, was re-released as an open up-source in April 2010 on CodePlex. Based on customer feedback, Microsoft relicensed IronRuby, IronPython, and the Dynamic Language Runtime (DLR) nether Apache License 2.0 in July 2010.[38]

Microsoft signed the Joomla contributor agreement and started upstreaming improvements in 2010.[16]

2010s [edit]

In 2011, Microsoft started contributing code to the Samba project. The same year, Microsoft also ported Node.js to Windows, upstreaming the code under Apache License 2.0.[sixteen] The kickoff version of Python Tools for Visual Studio (PTVS) was released in March 2011. Afterwards acquiring Skype in 2011, Microsoft connected maintaining the Skype Linux customer.[16] In July 2011, Microsoft was the fifth largest contributor to the Linux 3.0 kernel at 4% of the total changes.[39] [twoscore] The visitor became a partner with LinuxTag for their 2011 event and also sponsored LinuxTag 2012.[41] [42]

In 2012, Microsoft began hosting Linux virtual machines in the Azure cloud computing service and CodePlex introduced git support.[16] The visitor also ported Apache Hadoop to Windows, upstreaming the code under MIT License.[16] In March 2012, a completely rewritten version of ChronoZoom was made available every bit open source[43] via the Outercurve Foundation. Too, ASP.Cyberspace, ASP.NET MVC, ASP.Net Razor, ASP.Cyberspace Spider web API, Reactive extensions, and IL2JS (an IL to JavaScript compiler) were released under Apache License two.0.[xvi] The TypeScript programming language was released under Apache License 2.0 in 2012. Information technology was the kickoff Microsoft project hosted on GitHub.[16] In June 2012, Microsoft contributed Open Management Infrastructure to The Open Group with the goal "to remove all obstacles that stand in the way of implementing standards-based management and then that every device in the world can be managed in a articulate, consistent, coherent fashion and to nurture [and] spur a rich ecosystem of standards-based management products."[44]

In 2013, Microsoft relicensed the xUnit.net unit of measurement testing tool for the .NET Framework under Apache License ii.0 and transferred it to the Outercurve Foundation.[16] Also in 2013, Microsoft added Git support to Visual Studio and Team Foundation Server using libgit2, the most widely deployed version of Git. The company is dedicating engineering hours to help farther develop libgit2 and working with GitHub and other community programmers who devote fourth dimension to the software.[45]

In 2014, Satya Nadella was named the new CEO of Microsoft. Microsoft began to adopt open up source into its core business concern. In contrast to Ballmer'southward stance, Nadella presented a slide that read, "Microsoft loves Linux".[12] At the time of the conquering of GitHub, Nadella said of Microsoft, "Nosotros are all in on open up source." Every bit the industry trended towards deject, embedded, and mobile computing, Microsoft turned to open source to stay apace in these open source dominated fields. Microsoft's adoption of open source included several surprising turns.

In 2014, the visitor opened the source of its .NET Framework to promote its software ecosystem and stimulate cross-platform evolution. Microsoft likewise started contributing to the OpenJDK the aforementioned yr.[16] The Wireless Display Adapter, released in 2014, was Microsoft's first hardware device to utilise embedded Linux.[16]

In the beginning of 2015, Microsoft open up sourced the Z3 Theorem Prover, a cross-platform satisfiability modulo theories (SMT) solver.[46]

Too in 2015, Microsoft co-founded the Node.js Foundation[47] and joined the R Foundation. After completing the acquisition of Revolution Analytics in 2015,[48] Microsoft integrated the open source R programming language into SQL Server 2016, SQL Server 2017, SQL Server 2019, Power BI, Azure SQL Managed Instance, Azure Cortana Intelligence, Microsoft ML Server and Visual Studio 2017.[49]

The same year, Microsoft also open sourced Affair Heart, Microsoft's legal practice management software and also Chakra, the Microsoft Edge JavaScript engine at the time.[sixteen] Also in 2015, Microsoft released Windows 10 with native support for the open-source AllJoyn framework, which means that any Windows 10 device can control whatsoever AllJoyn-aware Internet of Things (IoT) device in the network.[l] Microsoft has been developing AllJoyn support and contributing code upstream since 2014.[sixteen]

Microsoft opened the keynote speech at All Things Open in 2022 by stating that:

Microsoft'due south approach to open today is: Enable, integrate, release, and contribute.

In August 2015, Microsoft released WinObjC, also known equally Windows Span for iOS, an open-source middleware toolkit that allows iOS apps developed in Objective-C to be ported to Windows 10.[52] [53] [54] On November eighteen, 2015, Visual Studio Code was released under the proprietary Microsoft License and a subset of its source code was posted to GitHub under the MIT License.[55]

The ten organizations with the nigh open-source contributors on GitHub in 2016[56]

In January 2016, Microsoft became Golden Sponsor of SCALE 14x – the fourteenth annual Southern California Linux Expo, a major convention.[57]

When Microsoft acquired Xamarin and LinkedIn in 2016, it relicensed the Mono framework under MIT License and connected maintaining the Kafka stream-processing software platform as open up source.[16] Also in 2016, Microsoft introduced the Windows Subsystem for Linux, which lets Linux applications run on the Windows operating organisation. The company invested in Linux server technology and Linux evolution to promote cross-platform compatibility and collaboration with open up source companies and communities, culminating with Microsoft's platinum sponsorship of the Linux Foundation and seat on its Board of Directors.[58]

Microsoft released SQL Server and the now open source PowerShell for Linux.[xvi] Also, Microsoft began porting Sysinternals tools, including ProcDump and ProcMon, to Linux.[59] R Tools for Visual Studio were released under Apache License ii.0 in March 2016.

In March 2016, Ballmer changed his stance on Linux, saying that he supports his successor Satya Nadella's open source commitments. He maintained that his comments in 2001 were correct at the time but that times have changed.[60] [61]

Commentators have noted the adoption of open source and the change of strategy at Microsoft:[62]

The company has become an enthusiastic supporter of Linux and of open up source and a very active member of many important projects.

At EclipseCon in March 2016, Microsoft announced that the company is joining the Eclipse Foundation as a Solutions Member.[64]

The BitFunnel search engine indexing algorithm and various components of the Microsoft Bing search engine were made open up source by Microsoft in 2016.[65] [66] vcpkg, a cross-platform open source package manager, was released in September 2016.[67]

Microsoft joined the Open Source Initiative, the Deject Native Computing Foundation, and the MariaDB Foundation in 2017.[16] The Open Source Initiative, formerly a target of Microsoft, used the occasion of Microsoft's sponsorship as a milestone for open source software'south widespread acceptance.

The Debian-based SONiC network operating system was open sourced by Microsoft in 2017.[68]

Also the same yr, the Windows development was moved to Git and Microsoft open sourced the Git Virtual File System (GVFS) developed for that purpose.[69] [70] Other contributions to Git include a number of operation improvements useful when working with large repositories.[71] [72] Microsoft opened the Microsoft Store to open source applications and gave the keynote speech at the Open Source Peak Northward America 2022 in Los Angeles.[16]

In 2018, the Microsoft CTO of Data spoke with ZDNet about the growing importance of open source stating that:

Nosotros meet customers where they are, and in particular if you lot want Linux we'll give yous Linux; if you want MySQL, well nosotros'll requite you MySQL; y'all want NoSQL well nosotros'll requite you NoSQL -- that means you need to be part of open source; open source past nature is a community affair.

Microsoft became Platinum Sponsor and delivered the keynote of the 2022 Southern California Linux Expo – the largest community-run open-source and free software conference in North America.[74] [75]

Microsoft developed Linux-based operating systems for utilise with its Azure deject services. Azure Deject Switch supports the Azure infrastructure and is based on open up source and proprietary engineering science, and Azure Sphere powers Net of things devices. As part of its announcement, Microsoft acknowledged Linux's role in small devices where the total Windows operating system would exist unnecessary.[75]

Michelle Noorali, Sr. Software Engineer at Microsoft and core maintainer on open source projects in the Kubernetes ecosystem including Captain speaking at LinuxCon 2022 in Red china.[76] Noorali serves on the Kubernetes Steering Committee.[77]

Also in 2018, Microsoft caused GitHub, the largest host for open up source projection infrastructure. Microsoft is among the site's most active contributors and the site hosts the source code for Microsoft's Visual Studio Code and .NET runtime organization. The company, though, has received some criticism for only providing limited returns to the Linux customs, since the GPL license lets Microsoft change Linux source lawmaking for internal use without sharing those changes.[78]

In 2018, Microsoft included OpenSSH, tar, and ringlet commands in Windows.[79] [80] Also, Microsoft released Windows Calculator as open source under MIT License on GitHub.[81]

Since 2018, Microsoft has been a sponsor of the AdoptOpenJDK projection. It is a drop-in replacement for Oracle'due south Java/JDK.[82]

In April 2018, Microsoft released the File Manager source code licensed under the MIT License.[83] [84] In August 2018, Microsoft added support for the open source Python programming language to Ability BI.[85] In October 2018, Microsoft joined the Open up Invention Network[86] and cross-licensed lx,000 patents with the open source community.[87] [88]

In 2019, Microsoft'south Windows Subsystem for Linux 2 transitioned from an emulated Linux kernel to a full Linux kernel within a virtual machine, improving processor performance manifold. In-keeping with the GPL open source license, Microsoft will submit its kernel improvements for adaptation into the primary, public release.[89]

Too in 2019, Microsoft released Windows Concluding, PowerToys, and the Microsoft C++ Standard Library every bit open source[16] and transitioned its Edge browser to use the open source Chromium as the footing.[90] The Windows Console infrastructure was open-sourced under the MIT License aslope Windows Last.[91]

Later publishing exFAT every bit an open specification, Microsoft contributed the patents to the Open up Invention Network (OIN), and started upstreaming the device driver to the Linux kernel.[16]

At Build 2019, Microsoft announced that it is open up-sourcing its Breakthrough Development Kit, including its Q# compilers and simulators.[92]

In December 2019, Microsoft released Microsoft Teams for Linux. This marked the first time Microsoft released an Function app for the Linux operating system. The app is available in native packages in .deb and .rpm formats.[93] Also in December 2019, after JS Foundation and Node.js Foundation merged to form OpenJS Foundation, Microsoft contributed the popular cross-platform desktop application development tool Electron to OpenJS Foundation.[94] [95]

2020s [edit]

Project Verona, a retentiveness-rubber research programming linguistic communication, was open up sourced in Jan 2020.[96] [97] Microsoft released DeepSpeed, an open source deep learning optimization library for PyTorch, in February 2020.[98]

In 2020, Microsoft open sourced the Java extension for Microsoft SQL Server,[16] MsQuic (a Windows NT kernel library for the QUIC full general-purpose send layer network protocol),[99] Project Petridish, a neural compages search algorithm for deep learning,[100] and the Fluid Framework for edifice distributed, real-time collaborative web applications.[101] Microsoft also released the Linux-based Azure Sphere operating system.[16]

In March 2020, Microsoft acquired npm, the open source Node packet director. It is the globe's largest software registry with more than i.iii 1000000 packages that have 75 billion downloads a month.[102] [103] Also in March 2020, Microsoft together with researchers and leaders from the Allen Establish for AI, the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative, the Georgetown University's Center for Security and Emerging Technhology, and the National Library of Medicine released CORD-19, a public dataset of bookish articles near COVID-nineteen and enquiry related to the COVID-19 pandemic.[104] The dataset is created through the utilise of text mining of the current research literature.[105] [106]

After exploring unlike alternative options and talking with various well-known commercial and open source parcel manager teams including Chocolatey, Scoop, Ninite and others such as AppGet, Npackd and the PowerShell based OneGet package manager-manager, Microsoft decided to develop and release the open up source Windows Package Manager in 2020.[107]

Microsoft was one of the silver sponsors for the Ten.Org Developer'south Conference 2022 (XDC2020). Microsoft had multiple developers presenting on the opening twenty-four hours.[108]

Microsoft completed the showtime phase of porting the Java OpenJDK for Windows ten on ARM devices in June 2020.[82]

In August 2020, Microsoft became founding member of the Open Source Security Foundation (OpenSSF), a cantankerous-industry forum for a collaborative attempt to improve open source software security.[109] [110]

In September 2020, Microsoft released the Surface Duo, an Android-based smartphone with a Linux kernel.[111] The same calendar month, Microsoft released OneFuzz, a self-hosted fuzzing-equally-a-service platform that automates the detection of software bugs.[112] It supports Windows and Linux.[113]

Microsoft is a major correspondent to the Chromium project with the highest percentage of all non-Google contributors coming from Microsoft (35.2%). The company has contributed 29.4% of all non-Google commits to the source code in 2020.[114] CBL-Mariner, a cloud infrastructure operating system based on Linux and developed past the Linux Systems Group at Microsoft for its edge network services and as part of its Microsoft Azure cloud infrastructure was open up sourced in 2020.[115] [116]

In February 2021, Microsoft fabricated the source code for its Extensible Storage Engine (ESE) bachelor on GitHub under MIT License.[117] Besides in February 2021, Microsoft, together with four other founding companies (AWS, Huawei, Google, and Mozilla) formed the Rust Foundation as an independent non-profit organization to steward the open source Rust programming linguistic communication and ecosystem.[118] [119] In March 2021, Microsoft became founding fellow member of the new Eclipse Adoptium Working Group whose goal is to promote gratuitous, open source Java runtimes.[120] Microsoft released a preview of the Microsoft Build of OpenJDK in April 2021. It is available for x64 server and desktop editions of Windows, as well as on Linux and macOS. The company provides long-term back up for this distribution of the OpenJDK.[121] In April 2021, Microsoft likewise released a Windows 10 test build that includes the ability to run Linux graphical user interface (GUI) apps using Windows Subsystem for Linux 2.[122] In the following month, Microsoft launched an open source project to brand the Berkeley Packet Filter piece of work on Windows.[123]

At the Windows 11 declaration result in June 2021, Microsoft showcased the new Windows Subsystem for Android (WSA) that volition enable support for the Android Open up Source Projection (AOSP) and will let users to run Android apps on their Windows desktop.[124]

In August 2021, Microsoft announced that it is expanding its partnership to become a Strategic Fellow member at the Eclipse Foundation.[125]

Support of open source organizations [edit]

Microsoft is either founding member, joining fellow member, contributing fellow member, and/or sponsor of a number of open source related organizations and initiatives. Examples include:

  • .NET Foundation[126]
  • Brotherhood for Open Media[127]
  • Apache Software Foundation[sixteen]
  • Bytecode Alliance[128]
  • Deject Native Calculating Foundation[129]
  • CodePlex Foundation, afterward known as Outercurve Foundation[16]
  • Confidential Computing Consortium[130]
  • eBPF Foundation[131]
  • Eclipse Adoptium Working Group[132]
  • Eclipse Foundation[133]
  • F# Software Foundation[134]
  • Hyperledger[135]
  • Linux Foundation[16]
  • MariaDB Foundation[16]
  • Node.js Foundation[16]
  • OpenAPI Initiative[136]
  • OpenBMC[137]
  • OpenChain[138]
  • Open Compute Projection[139]
  • Open up Connectivity Foundation[140]
  • Open up Container Initiative[141]
  • Open Infrastructure Foundation[142]
  • Open up Invention Network[143]
  • OpenJS Foundation[144]
  • Open up Source Initiative[sixteen]
  • Open Source Security Foundation[145]
  • Open Web Foundation[16]
  • Outreachy[146]
  • R Consortium[147]
  • R Foundation[16]
  • Rust Foundation[148]
  • The Open Group[149]
  • Unified Patents Open Source Zone[16]

Selected products [edit]

  • .NET – Managed lawmaking software framework for Windows, Linux, and macOS operating systems[58]
  • .Internet Bio – Bioinformatics and genomics library created to enable simple loading, saving and analysis of biological data
  • .Internet Compiler Platform (Roslyn) – Compilers and lawmaking analysis APIs for C# and Visual Basic .NET programming languages
  • .Cyberspace Gadgeteer – Rapid-prototyping standard for building minor electronic devices
  • .Internet MAUI – A cantankerous-platform UI toolkit
  • .NET Micro Framework – .NET Framework platform for resources-constrained devices
  • AirSim – Simulator for drones, cars and other objects, congenital as a platform for AI research
  • Allegiance – Multiplayer online game providing a mix of real-fourth dimension strategy and player piloted space combat gameplay
  • ASP.NET
  • ASP.NET AJAX
  • ASP.Internet Core
  • ASP.Cyberspace MVC
  • ASP.NET Razor
  • ASP.NET Web Forms

  • Atom – Text and source code editor for macOS, Linux, and Microsoft Windows
  • Babylon.js – A real time 3D engine using a JavaScript library for displaying 3D graphics in a web browser via HTML5
  • BitFunnel – A signature-based search engine
  • Blazor – Spider web framework that enables developers to create spider web apps using C# and HTML
  • Bosque – Functional programming linguistic communication[150]
  • C++/WinRT – C++ library for Microsoft's Windows Runtime platform, designed to provide access to modern Windows APIs
  • C# – Full general-purpose, multi-epitome programming language encompassing strong typing, lexically scoped, imperative, declarative, functional, generic, object-oriented (form-based), and component-oriented programming disciplines
  • CBL-Mariner – Cloud infrastructure operating organization based on Linux
  • ChakraCore – JavaScript engine

  • ChronoZoom – Project that visualizes time on the broadest possible scale from the Big Bang to the nowadays solar day
  • CLR Profiler – Memory profiler for the .Internet Framework
  • Conference XP – Video conferencing platform
  • Dafny – Imperative compiled language that targets C# and supports formal specification through preconditions, postconditions, loop invariants and loop variants
  • Dapr – Event-driven, portable runtime system designed to back up deject native and serverless computing
  • DeepSpeed – Deep learning optimization library for PyTorch
  • Detours – C++ library for intercepting, monitoring and instrumenting binary functions on Microsoft Windows

  • DiskSpd – Control-line tool for storage benchmarking that generates a multifariousness of requests against computer files, partitions or storage devices
  • Dynamic Language Runtime – Runtime that runs on top of the CLR and provides calculator linguistic communication services for dynamic languages
  • eBPF on Windows – Register-based virtual machine designed to run a custom 64-bit RISC-like compages via just-in-time compilation inside the kernel
  • Extensible Storage Engine – An ISAM database engine that provides transacted information update and retrieval
  • F* – Functional programming language inspired by ML and aimed at program verification
  • F# – General purpose, strongly typed, multi-prototype programming linguistic communication that encompasses functional, imperative, and object-oriented programming methods
  • File Manager – File manager for Microsoft Windows
  • Fluid Framework, a platform for real-fourth dimension collaboration across applications[151] [152]
  • FourQlib – Reference implementation of the FourQ elliptic curve
  • GW-BASIC – Dialect of the BASIC programming language
  • Microsoft C++ Standard Library – Implementation of the C++ Standard Library (also known as the STL)[153]

  • MonoDevelop – Integrated development surround for Linux, macOS, and Windows
  • MSBuild – Build tool ready for managed code also as native C++ lawmaking
  • MsQuic – Implementation of the IETF QUIC protocol
  • Neural Network Intelligence – An AutoML toolkit
  • npm – Parcel manager for the JavaScript programming linguistic communication
  • OneFuzz – Cross-platform fuzz testing framework
  • Open Live Writer – Desktop blogging application
  • Open Management Infrastructure – CIM management server
  • Open XML SDK – prepare of managed code libraries to create and manipulate Office Open up XML files programmatically
  • Orleans – Cross-platform software framework for building scalable and robust distributed applications based on the .Cyberspace Framework
  • P – Programming language for asynchronous result-driven programming and the IoT

  • Power Fx – Low-lawmaking, general-purpose programming language for expressing logic across the Microsoft Power Platform
  • PowerShell – Command-line trounce and scripting language[154]
  • Process Monitor – Tool that monitors and displays in real-time all file system activity
  • ProcDump – Command-line application for creating crash dumps during a CPU spike[155]
  • Project Mu – UEFI core used in Microsoft Surface and Hyper-V products
  • Projection Verona – Experimental memory-safe research programming language
  • PowerToys for Windows x – System utilities for power users
  • ReactiveX – A set of tools assuasive imperative programming languages to operate on sequences of data regardless of whether the data is synchronous or asynchronous implementating reactive programming
  • RecursiveExtractor – An annal file extraction library written in C#
  • Sandcastle – Documentation generator
  • StyleCop – Static code analysis tool that checks C# lawmaking for conformance to recommended coding styles and a subset of the .Net Framework design guidelines

  • Windows Terminal – Terminal emulator[156] [157]
  • TypeScript – Programming language similar to JavaScript, among the about popular on GitHub[158]
  • U-Prove – Cantankerous-platform technology and accompanying SDK for user-centric identity management
  • vcpkg – Cross-platform package managing director used to simplify the acquisition and installation of 3rd-political party libraries
  • VFS for Git – Virtual file arrangement extension to the Git version control system
  • Visual Basic .NET – Multi-prototype, object-oriented programming language
  • Visual Studio Code – Source code editor and debugger for Windows, Linux and macOS,[78] and GitHub's meridian open up source project[158]
  • VoTT (Visual Object Tagging Tool) – Electron app for paradigm annotation and labeling

  • Vowpal Wabbit – online interactive auto learning system library and programme
  • WikiBhasha – Multi-lingual content creation application for the Wikipedia online encyclopedia
  • Windows Computer – Software estimator[159] [160]
  • Windows Communication Foundation – runtime and a set of APIs for edifice connected, service-oriented applications
  • Windows Panel – Terminal emulator
  • Windows Driver Frameworks – Tools and libraries that assist in the cosmos of device drivers for Microsoft Windows
  • Windows Forms – Graphical user interface (GUI) class library

  • Windows Bundle Managing director – Parcel manager for Windows 10
  • Windows Presentation Foundation – Graphical subsystem (like to WinForms) for rendering user interfaces in Windows-based applications
  • Windows Template Library – Object-oriented C++ template library for Win32 development
  • Windows UI Library – Set of UI controls and features for the Universal Windows Platform (UWP)
  • WinJS – JavaScript library for cross-platform app evolution
  • WinObjC – Middleware toolkit that allows iOS apps developed in Objective-C to be ported to Windows ten
  • WiX (Windows Installer XML Toolset) – Toolset for building Windows Installer packages from XML
  • WorldWide Telescope – Astronomy software

  • XML Notepad – XML editor
  • XSP – Standalone spider web server written in C# that hosts ASP.Net for Unix-similar operating systems
  • xUnit.net – Unit testing tool for the .NET Framework
  • Z3 Theorem Prover – Cross-platform satisfiability modulo theories (SMT) solver

See likewise [edit]

  • Free software move
  • History of free and open-source software
  • Timeline of free and open up-source software
  • Comparing of open-source and closed-source software
  • Business concern models for open-source software

References [edit]

  1. ^ Bright, Peter (Apr 26, 2018). "Even Windows revenue is up in Microsoft's $26.eight billion 3Q18". Ars Technica . Retrieved December 18, 2019.
  2. ^ "GitHub rivals gain from Microsoft acquisition but it'south no mass exodus, nonetheless". ZDNet. May six, 2019.
  3. ^ Asay, Matt (October 30, 2017). "Why Microsoft and Google are at present leading the open source revolution". TechRepublic . Retrieved April 21, 2019.
  4. ^ "Microsoft may exist the world's largest open source correspondent, just developers don't intendance--notwithstanding". TechRepublic.
  5. ^ Asay, Matt (February 7, 2018). "Who really contributes to open source". InfoWorld.
  6. ^ Radits 2019, pp. 13–14.
  7. ^ Radits 2019, pp. 17–18.
  8. ^ Radits 2019, pp. 27–28.
  9. ^ Radits 2019, p. 27.
  10. ^ Radits 2019, p. 30.
  11. ^ a b Radits 2019, p. 31.
  12. ^ a b Radits 2019, p. 32.
  13. ^ Lea, Graham (July 31, 2000). "MS' Ballmer: Linux is communism". The Register . Retrieved August 24, 2021.
  14. ^ Penenberg, Adam L. (November 21, 2005). "Red Herring". Slate . Retrieved August 24, 2021.
  15. ^ Hernandez, Daniela (July iv, 2014). "Watch Steve Ballmer Mock Linux While Dressed as The Matrix's Neo". Wired . Retrieved August 24, 2021.
  16. ^ a b c d e f m h i j k l chiliad n o p q r s t u v w 10 y z aa ab ac advertizing ae af ag ah ai aj Barnes, Hayden (May 23, 2020). "Microsoft and Open Source: An unofficial timeline". boxofcables.dev . Retrieved October eighteen, 2020.
  17. ^ Mensching, Rob (August fourteen, 2012). "Outercurve Foundation and WiX toolset together, at last". RobMensching.com /Blog . Retrieved February 16, 2014.
  18. ^ Mensching, Rob (August xx, 2012). "The WiX toolset license". Retrieved February sixteen, 2014.
  19. ^ Mensching, Rob (Apr v, 2004). "Windows Installer XML (WiX) toolset has released equally Open Source on SourceForge.net". RobMensching.com /Blog . Retrieved February 16, 2014.
  20. ^ LinuxTag 2004 Ausstellerliste
  21. ^ Download pages for WTL version 7.five, eight.0, 9.0, nine.one and 10
  22. ^ "FlexWiki: Microsofts Tertiary Open Software Project", eWeek, September 28, 2004, retrieved April v, 2012
  23. ^ Tim Sneath : Announcing Family unit.Show 2.0 - July 17, 2007 MSDN Blogs
  24. ^ Tim Sneath : Announcing Family.Show v3 – Our WPF Reference Application - February 23, 2009, MSDN Blogs
  25. ^ "Vertigo Software: I See Expressionless People with WPF" – via channel9.msdn.com.
  26. ^ Mook, Nate (Nov 2, 2006). "Novell, Microsoft Ink Linux Partnership". betanews . Retrieved April 14, 2021.
  27. ^ Wong, Grace (Nov 2, 2006). "Linux to piece of work with Windows". CNN Money . Retrieved April 14, 2021.
  28. ^ Thurston, Richard (June 11, 2007). "Microsoft appoints Linux interoperability main". ZDNet.
  29. ^ Krill, Paul (June 8, 2007). "Microsoft names Linux interop director". InfoWorld.
  30. ^ "Microsoft Joins Apache Software Foundation -- Redmondmag.com". Redmondmag.
  31. ^ Resig, John (September 28, 2008). "jQuery, Microsoft, and Nokia". jQuery Weblog. jQuery. Retrieved Jan 29, 2009.
  32. ^ Guthrie, Scott (September 28, 2008). "jQuery and Microsoft". ScottGu's Web log . Retrieved April 15, 2019.
  33. ^ Branscombe, Mary (December 2, 2020). "What is Microsoft doing with Linux? Everything you need to know about its plans for open source". TechRepublic . Retrieved Dec 6, 2020.
  34. ^ "Microsoft creates the CodePlex foundation". Scott Hanselman's Computer Zen . Retrieved June 24, 2012.
  35. ^ "Mission". Outercurve. Archived from the original on February 22, 2014. Retrieved June 24, 2012.
  36. ^ "The CodePlex Foundation Rebrands, Renamed Outercurve Foundation". Outercurve. Archived from the original on October two, 2010. Retrieved March 27, 2013.
  37. ^ "Microsoft to Open up Source the .Net Micro Framework". Microsoft. Archived from the original on November 14, 2018. Retrieved Feb six, 2017.
  38. ^ Foley, Mary Jo (July nineteen, 2010). "Microsoft puts IronPython, IronRuby under an Apache license". ZDNet.
  39. ^ Vaughan-Nichols, Steven J. (July 17, 2011). "Top Five Linux Contributor: Microsoft". ZDNet . Retrieved July 17, 2021.
  40. ^ Corbet, Jonathan (July 13, 2011). "Who wrote 3.0 - from ii points of view". LWN.internet . Retrieved July 17, 2021.
  41. ^ "Microsoft: The Unlikely Sponsor Of Linux - Phoronix". www.phoronix.com.
  42. ^ "LinuxTag 2012 Gathers Linux Stakeholders In Berlin - Phoronix". www.phoronix.com.
  43. ^ UC Berkeley ChronoZoom 2.0 Beta Press Release
  44. ^ Open Management Infrastructure, Microsoft Windows Server Blog, June 28, 2012, archived from the original on January 26, 2016
  45. ^ Jackson, Joab (January xxx, 2013). "Microsoft embraces open-source Git for development tools". CIO.
  46. ^ "Microsoft's Visual Studio timeline and Z3 Theorem Prover, Google Cloud Launcher, Facebook's Fresco—SD Times news digest: March 27, 2015". March 27, 2015.
  47. ^ Microsoft moves, with others, to assistance create the Node.js Foundation
  48. ^ Sirosh, Joseph. "Microsoft Closes Acquisition of Revolution Analytics". blogs.technet.com. Microsoft. Retrieved September 20, 2018.
  49. ^ "Introducing R Tools for Visual Studio". Retrieved September 20, 2018.
  50. ^ Kaelin, Mark (June 17, 2015). "Windows x supports AllJoyn making the Net of Things possible". TechRepublic . Retrieved December 5, 2020.
  51. ^ Vaughan-Nichols, Steven J. "Microsoft's Marking Russinovich to Linux faithful: Send us your resumes". ZDNet.
  52. ^ Hachman, Marker (Baronial 6, 2015). "Microsoft releases iOS-to-Windows app maker Windows Span to open up source". PC World. IDG. Retrieved October 9, 2015.
  53. ^ Chester, Brandon (April 29, 2015). "Microsoft Demonstrates Android and iOS Applications Running On Windows 10". Anandtech. Purch Inc. Retrieved October 9, 2015.
  54. ^ Protalinski, Emil (May 1, 2015). "Everything you need to know about porting Android and iOS apps to Windows ten". VentureBeat . Retrieved Oct 9, 2015.
  55. ^ "Visual Studio now supports debugging Linux apps; Code editor now open source". Ars Technica . Retrieved Nov 18, 2015.
  56. ^ "The state of the Octoverse 2016". Archived from the original on April five, 2017.
  57. ^ "Scale 14x | Calibration 14x". www.socallinuxexpo.org.
  58. ^ a b Radits 2019, p. 33.
  59. ^ Cimpanu, Catalin (November five, 2018). "Microsoft working on porting Sysinternals to Linux". ZDNet. CBS Interactive. Retrieved November 5, 2018.
  60. ^ "Ballmer: Linux No Longer A Cancer - InformationWeek".
  61. ^ "Steve Ballmer: Linux Is No Longer 'A Cancer'". March eleven, 2016.
  62. ^ Vaughan-Nichols, Steven J. "Linux and open up source have won, go over it". ZDNet.
  63. ^ Vaughan-Nichols, Steven J. (November 28, 2016). "Open source has won, and Microsoft has surrendered". Computerworld.
  64. ^ Hill, Paul (March 8, 2013). "Microsoft joins Eclipse Foundation and brings more tools to customs". Neowin . Retrieved Baronial three, 2021.
  65. ^ Yegulalp, Serdar (September 6, 2016). "Microsoft open-sources Bing components for fast code compilation". InfoWorld.
  66. ^ Verma, Arpit (September 7, 2016). "Microsoft Open Sources Major Components Of Bing Search Engine, Here's Why It Matters". Fossbytes . Retrieved June 12, 2020.
  67. ^ "Yelp launches Yelp Fusion, Microsoft creates Vcpkg tool, and the new Touch Sense SDK for Android developers". SD Times. September 20, 2016.
  68. ^ Cooney, Michael (October 8, 2020). "Run across SONiC, the new NOS (definitely not the aforementioned as the old NOS)". NETWORKWORLD.
  69. ^ "Scaling Git (and some back story)". Brian Harry's Blog. February iii, 2017.
  70. ^ "How Microsoft Solved Git's Problem with Large Repositories". InfoQ.
  71. ^ "Microsoft's Performance Contributions to Git in 2017". Azure DevOps Blog. January eleven, 2018.
  72. ^ "Git Merge 2019: A Recap". www.welcometothejungle.com.
  73. ^ Barbaschow, Asha (February 28, 2018). "Why open up source is and so important to Microsoft". ZDNet . Retrieved July 17, 2021.
  74. ^ "Scale 16x | 16x". www.socallinuxexpo.org.
  75. ^ a b Radits 2019, p. 34.
  76. ^ "Michelle Noorali: Helping Users and Developers Swallow Open up Source". August 2, 2018.
  77. ^ "Featured Speakers - LinuxCon + ContainerCon + CloudOpen Mainland china 2018".
  78. ^ a b Radits 2019, p. 35.
  79. ^ "OpenSSH for Windows Update". October 19, 2015. Retrieved October 18, 2020.
  80. ^ "Tar and Ringlet Come to Windows!". January 18, 2018. Retrieved November 29, 2020.
  81. ^ Foley, Mary Jo (March vi, 2019). "Microsoft is open-sourcing Windows Figurer on GitHub". ZDNet . Retrieved October 18, 2020.
  82. ^ a b Foley, Mary Jo (June 24, 2020). "Microsoft completes stage one of porting OpenJDK for Windows 10 on ARM devices". ZDNet . Retrieved April 13, 2021.
  83. ^ John Biggs. "90s kids rejoice! Microsoft releases the original Windows 3.0 File Managing director source lawmaking". TechCrunch. Retrieved April 15, 2018.
  84. ^ Tom Warren. "Microsoft open-sources original File Manager from the '90s so information technology can run on Windows 10 - The Verge". The Verge. Retrieved Apr 7, 2018.
  85. ^ Yegulalp, Serdar (August 22, 2018). "Microsoft adds Python support to Ability BI". InfoWorld.
  86. ^ Vaughan-Nichols, Steven J. (October ten, 2018). "Microsoft open-sources its patent portfolio". ZDNet . Retrieved Apr 21, 2019.
  87. ^ Vaughan-Nichols, Steven J. "What does Microsoft joining the Open up Invention Network mean for you?". ZDNet.
  88. ^ Gartenberg, Chaim (October 10, 2018). "Microsoft makes its threescore,000 patents open source to help Linux". The Verge . Retrieved April 21, 2019.
  89. ^ Bright, Peter (May 6, 2019). "Windows ten will soon transport with a full, open source, GPLed Linux kernel". Ars Technica . Retrieved May 7, 2019.
  90. ^ Warren, Tom (May half-dozen, 2019). "Within Microsoft's surprise decision to work with Google on its Edge browser". The Verge . Retrieved May 7, 2019.
  91. ^ Cinnamon, Kayla (May vi, 2019). "Introducing Windows Terminal". Windows Command Line Tools For Developers. Microsoft. Retrieved May x, 2019.
  92. ^ "Microsoft is open-sourcing its Quantum Development Kit". May 6, 2019.
  93. ^ Warren, Tom (December x, 2019). "Microsoft'due south showtime Office app arrives on Linux". The Verge.
  94. ^ "Electron Desktop JavaScript Framework Finds a New Dwelling house". InfoQ.
  95. ^ "Electron joins the OpenJS Foundation". December 11, 2019.
  96. ^ Jones, Luke (January 17, 2020). "Microsoft's Rust-Based Project Verona Reaches Open Source on GitHub". WinBuzzer.
  97. ^ Tung, Liam. "Microsoft opens upward Rust-inspired Projection Verona programming language on GitHub". ZDNet.
  98. ^ Yegulalp, Serdar (February x, 2020). "Microsoft speeds up PyTorch with DeepSpeed". InfoWorld.
  99. ^ Cimpanu, Catalin. "Microsoft open up-sources in-house library for treatment QUIC connections". ZDNet.
  100. ^ "Microsoft Open-Sources Project Petridish for Deep-Learning Optimization". InfoQ.
  101. ^ Tung, Liam (September 10, 2020). "Microsoft's new Fluid Framework: Now it's open-sourced on GitHub". ZDNet . Retrieved September 20, 2020.
  102. ^ Prakash, Abhishek. "With npm, Microsoft At present Owns the Largest Software Registry in the World".
  103. ^ "npm is joining GitHub". March 16, 2020.
  104. ^ Microsoft assist create 29,000 article COVID-xix Open Enquiry Dataset to help AI salve us
  105. ^ "Phone call to Action to the Tech Customs on New Machine Readable COVID-19 Dataset". whitehouse.gov . Retrieved October 13, 2020 – via National Athenaeum.
  106. ^ "NLM Leverages Data, Text Mining to Acuminate COVID-19 Research Databases". governmentciomedia.com . Retrieved October 13, 2020.
  107. ^ "Windows Parcel Manager Preview". May 19, 2020. Retrieved November 29, 2020.
  108. ^ "Microsoft Has A Large Presence At This Year's 10.Org Briefing - Phoronix". www.phoronix.com.
  109. ^ Google, Microsoft, GitHub, and Others Join the Open Source Security Foundation
  110. ^ Uniting for ameliorate open-source security: The Open up Source Security Foundation | ZDNet
  111. ^ Warren, Tom (August 13, 2020). "Microsoft Surface Duo Arrives on September 10th for $1399". TheVerge.
  112. ^ "Microsoft: Windows ten is hardened with these fuzzing security tools – now they're open source". ZDNet. September fifteen, 2020.
  113. ^ "Microsoft open up-sources fuzzing examination framework". InfoWorld. September 17, 2020.
  114. ^ "Google gets web allies by letting outsiders help build Chrome's foundation". Retrieved November 23, 2020.
  115. ^ Bisson, Simon (November 10, 2020). "Microsoft adds a new Linux: CBL-Mariner". InfoWorld.
  116. ^ Foley, Mary Jo (November 11, 2020). "CBL-Mariner: Microsoft's internal Linux distribution for Azure commencement-party services and border appliances". ZDNet.
  117. ^ Speed, Richard (February 1, 2021). "Microsoft'south Extensible Storage Engine (JET Blue) source code arrives on GitHub – sadly comments not included". The Register.
  118. ^ "Rust Foundation". foundation.rust-lang.org. February 8, 2021. Retrieved February 9, 2021.
  119. ^ "Mozilla Welcomes the Rust Foundation". Mozilla Blog. Feb 9, 2021. Retrieved February 9, 2021.
  120. ^ Anderson, Tim (March 23, 2021). "Full Eclipse team'south new start: New Adoptium working grouping will promote free open source Java runtimes". The Register . Retrieved June three, 2021.
  121. ^ Foley, Mary Jo (April half dozen, 2021). "Microsoft rolls out its OpenJDK preview release". ZDNet . Retrieved April thirteen, 2021.
  122. ^ Foley, Mary Jo (April 21, 2021). "New Windows 10 examination build adds offset preview of Linux GUI apps on WSL". ZDNet . Retrieved April 23, 2021.
  123. ^ "Microsoft embraces Linux kernel's eBPF super-tool, extends it for Windows". The Register. May 11, 2011.
  124. ^ Parmar, Mayank (June 27, 2021). "Microsoft confirms Android apps volition run on all Windows 11 PCs". Windows Latest. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
  125. ^ Jawad, Usama (Baronial 3, 2021). "Microsoft is now a Strategic Fellow member of the Eclipse Foundation". Neowin . Retrieved Baronial 3, 2021.
  126. ^ Lardinois, Frederic (Apr 3, 2014). "Microsoft Launches .NET Foundation To Foster The .NET Open Source Ecosystem". TechCrunch . Retrieved October 18, 2020.
  127. ^ "About". Brotherhood for Open up Media.
  128. ^ "Bytecode Alliance". Bytecode Brotherhood.
  129. ^ "Members". Cloud Native Calculating Foundation.
  130. ^ "Members".
  131. ^ "eBPF Members".
  132. ^ "Microsoft Build of OpenJDK". Microsoft.
  133. ^ Guindon, Christopher. "Explore Our Members | The Eclipse Foundation". www.eclipse.org.
  134. ^ "F# Foundation: Taking Microsoft'south F# Language to a Higher Basis (eWeek)". January 6, 2013. Retrieved October 18, 2020.
  135. ^ "Supporting Members".
  136. ^ "Current Members".
  137. ^ "Abode". OpenBMC.
  138. ^ "Home". OpenChain.
  139. ^ "Open Compute Project". Open Compute Project.
  140. ^ "OCF Membership Listing".
  141. ^ "Open up Container Initiative - Open Container Initiative". opencontainers.org.
  142. ^ "Microsoft joins Open Infrastructure Foundation". ZDNet . Retrieved September 10, 2021.
  143. ^ "United States Archives".
  144. ^ "Members".
  145. ^ "Google, Microsoft, GitHub, and Others Join the Open up Source Security Foundation". InfoQ.
  146. ^ "Outreachy | Internships Supporting Multifariousness in Tech". www.outreachy.org.
  147. ^ Machlis, Sharon. "Esri joins the R Consortium". Computerworld . Retrieved Oct 18, 2020.
  148. ^ "Rust Foundation formed to manage namesake linguistic communication". Neowin . Retrieved Feb 8, 2021.
  149. ^ Open up Grouping Gold Membership Study
  150. ^ Krill, Paul (April 18, 2019). "Microsoft aims for simplicity with Bosque programming language". InfoWorld . Retrieved April 22, 2019.
  151. ^ Tung, Liam (September 10, 2020). "Microsoft's new Fluid Framework: Now information technology's open up-sourced on GitHub". ZDNet . Retrieved September xx, 2020.
  152. ^ Warren, Tom (May 19, 2020). "Microsoft'southward new Fluid Office document is Google Docs on steroids". The Verge . Retrieved May 20, 2020.
  153. ^ "Open Sourcing MSVC's STL". C++ Team Blog. September 16, 2019.
  154. ^ "What is PowerShell? - PowerShell". docs.microsoft.com.
  155. ^ "ProcDump - Monitor CPU/processes - Windows CMD - SS64.com". ss64.com.
  156. ^ Bowden, Zac (May xix, 2020). "Microsoft'south open source Windows Terminal app reaches stable release". Windows Key . Retrieved May 20, 2020.
  157. ^ Warren, Tom (May 6, 2019). "Microsoft unveils Windows Last, a new control line app for Windows". The Verge . Retrieved May 20, 2020.
  158. ^ a b Chan, Rosalie (November 9, 2019). "The x most popular programming languages, co-ordinate to the Microsoft-owned GitHub". Concern Insider . Retrieved Nov 28, 2019.
  159. ^ Warren, Tom (March vi, 2019). "Microsoft open-sources its Windows calculator on GitHub". The Verge . Retrieved April 21, 2019.
  160. ^ Archambault, Michael (March 6, 2019). "Microsoft Continues Open-Source Try, Releases Calculator Code". Digital Trends . Retrieved April 21, 2019.

Bibliography [edit]

  • Radits, Markus (January 25, 2019). A Business Ecology Perspective on Community-Driven Open Source: The Case of the Free and Open Source Content Direction System Joomla. Linköping University Electronic Printing. ISBN978-91-7685-305-4.

Further reading [edit]

  • Brilliant, Peter (May 10, 2019). "Microsoft: The open up source company". Ars Technica . Retrieved May eleven, 2019.
  • Hayes, Frank (March 19, 2001). "The Microsoft Way". Computerworld. Vol. 35, no. 12. p. 78. ISSN 0010-4841.
  • Nadella, Satya (2017). Hit Refresh: The Quest to Rediscover Microsoft'due south Soul and Imagine a Ameliorate Future for Everyone. Harper Business. ISBN978-0062652508.
  • Ovide, Shira (Apr sixteen, 2012). "Microsoft Dips Further Into Open-Source Software". Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660.
  • Vaughan-Nichols, Steven J. (October 29, 2014). "Why Microsoft loves Linux". ZDNet . Retrieved April 21, 2019.
  • Vaughan-Nichols, Steven J. (Jan 26, 2015). "Microsoft: The open-source company". ZDNet . Retrieved December 31, 2019.
  • Vaughan-Nichols, Steven J. (June nine, 2016). "Why Microsoft is turning into an open-source company". ZDNet . Retrieved April 21, 2019.
  • Vaughan-Nichols, Steven J. (Dec 30, 2019). "Linux and open-source rules: 2019'southward five biggest stories show why". ZDNet . Retrieved Dec 31, 2019.
  • Warren, Tom (April 29, 2019). "How Microsoft learned from the by to redesign its future". The Verge . Retrieved April 30, 2019.
  • Warren, Tom (May 18, 2020). "Microsoft: we were incorrect almost open source". The Verge . Retrieved May 20, 2020.
  • Warren, Tom (October 22, 2021). "Microsoft angers the .NET open source community with a controversial conclusion". The Verge . Retrieved October 23, 2021.

External links [edit]

  • Open source releases from Microsoft

collinsbracithad.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_and_open_source

Belum ada Komentar untuk "How to Open Software Package So You Can Seal It Again"

Posting Komentar

Langganan: Posting Komentar (Atom)

Iklan Atas Artikel

Iklan Tengah Artikel 1

Iklan Tengah Artikel 2

Iklan Bawah Artikel